![]() ![]() The central instrument cluster is now entirely digital with the first automotive application of a 16” curved HD display which can be fully configured and controlled using the controls on the steering wheel.įor the first time on a Ferrari, clients can choose between the standard car and a version with a more sports-oriented specification: with the Assetto Fiorano package. The steering wheel now has a touchpad and a series of haptic buttons that allow the driver to control virtually every aspect of the car using just their thumbs. The result is an HMI (Human-Machine Interface) and interior layout concept that are a complete departure from previous models. ![]() The track-derived “eyes on the road, hands on the wheel” philosophy takes on a truly central role for the first time too, significantly influencing the ergonomics and styling of the interior. This was also achieved without impacting on-board comfort. ![]() A good example is the cockpit, which has a smaller frontal section and is placed closer to the front of the car to reduce drag. The SF90 Stradale is also the first Ferrari sports car to be equipped with 4WD, which allows the incredible power unleashed by the hybrid powertrain to be fully exploited and makes the car the new benchmark for standing starts: 0-100 km/h in 2.5 sec and 0-200 km/h in just 6.7 seconds.Ī further innovation is the shut-off Gurney, a patented active system located at the rear of the car which regulates the air flow over the upper bodywork, reducing drag in straight lines or with minimal steering angles and increasing downforce in corners, under braking and during changes of direction when demanding high performance from the car.įrom a stylistic perspective, the mid-rear-engined sports berlinetta proportions introduced on the 360 Modena twenty years ago have been completely rewritten and inspired by Ferrari's recent supercars. The driver simply has to select one of the four power unit modes thanks to a sophisticated control logic which manages the flow of power between the engine, the electric motors and the batteries. An additional 220 cv is delivered by no fewer than three electric motors, one at the rear, known as the MGUK (Motor Generator Unit, Kinetic) which derives from Formula 1, located between the engine and the new 8-speed dual-clutch transmission on the rear axle, and two on the front axle. The 90° V8 turbo engine is capable of delivering 780 cv, the highest power output of any 8-cylinder in Ferrari history. For the first time in Ferrari's history, a V8 engine stands at the top, not only of its category, but also its range with unprecedented performance for a series-production car: 1,000 cv, a weight-to-power ratio of 1.57 kg/cv, and 390 kg of downforce at 250 km/h. The new Ferrari SF90 Stradale is extreme on every level. Release Date Nota movie released in theaters on October 5th, 2018.A new chapter begins in the history of Ferrari with the introduction of its first series-production PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), the SF90 Stradale. ![]() What happens to Varun? Will he follow the footsteps of his father and bring in a revolutionary transformation? Will he be targeted by the detractors? All these form to be the rest of the plot. He grows even more concerned when he sees a series of flexes and morphed banners of him, which run on his nerves and give the apprehension of supposed troll material in the social media amongst his friends. It is then that he is bit by the reality bug by checking out the sorry state of politics and the life of common people. All these responsibilities come as a daunting burden on the young shoulders and try to swallow the bitter pill. Varun is a happy-go-lucky lad who hangs out with friends and parties as if there is no tomorrow. He makes his son Varun (Vijay Devarakonda) the temporary CM on the advice of a swamiji, until he returns back to his forte. Story Vinodhan (Nassar), the sitting Chief Minister of the state faces imprisonment in an illegal case. Vijay Devarakonda and Mehreen Prizada are playing the main lead roles in this movie. NOTA movie is a bilingual movie made both in Telugu and Tamil and it is political thriller directed by Anand Shankar and Produced by Studio Green banner while Sam CS scored music for this movie. ![]()
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![]() Simply clicking on the file will open it in iTunes or Windows Media Player, depending on your preferred platform. Due to small size and acceptable quality, MP3 files are accessible to a wide audience, as well as easy to store and share.īecause MP3 files are so prevalent, most major audio playback programs support them. MP3 files are the most widely-used audio file for consumers. MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III (MP3) is a digital, audio-coding format used to compress a sound sequence into a very small file to enable digital storage and transmission. ![]() UltraMixer is a cross-operating-system, software program for deejaying on which WAV files work well. Alternatively, programs such as iTunes, VLC media player, and QuickTime can also be used to open and play WAV files.ĭue to a WAV file’s higher, uncompressed quality, they are suitable for importing into music editing, production, and manipulation programs. The default player for opening WAV files is Windows Media Player. Their quality, however, does surpass that of M4A and MP3. WAV files are much larger than M4A and MP3 files, making them less practical for consumer use on portable players. WAV is the result of IBM and Windows iterating a Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). Others will be less helpful in terms of service and support.Waveform Audio (WAV) is the most-popular digital-audio format for uncompressed audio files. For example, some developers will offer live chat, online, and email support, as well as written or video guides and tutorials to help you get started with the free video converter for Windows. Support: check what sort of customer support is available from the maker of each app or tool. User reviews usually provide a balanced and unbiased look at tools and apps, letting you find out more about how easy they are to use and if they have any bugs or problems that could cause issues for you. User reviews: make sure to take a read through some user reviews and look at the average ratings for any free video conversion software you want to use, too. The best free video conversion software always has strong security standards. Make sure that any files you share with the app, especially online apps, will be kept safe and private so that other users won't be able to have access to your personal movies or clips. Security: you also need to think about security features and settings of your chosen app. ![]() You need to check that the converter you're using offers full support for the file formats you want to work with, including common options like MP4 and AVI. Supported formats: the whole point of a video converter is to be able to convert videos into different formats, but some of them have quite strict lists in terms of which file formats they support. Read through the feature list for each app before deciding which one you want to use. Some tools only offer conversions, but others will offer extra features and functions, like editing to help you enhance and alter your clips and movies. If you're a beginner who hasn't used much conversion software in the past, for example, you may want to find an app that is particularly easy to use, without any confusing menus or complex designs.įeatures: make sure that the Windows 10 video converter tool you use has all of the necessary features you need. If you're unsure which tool is right for you, here are some of the key factors to consider when looking for the best freeware video converter:Įase-of-use: make sure that the app you use is easy to use for your own skills and technical abilities. We hope that this article has helped you find some of the best free video converter tools and apps to use on your Windows device. ![]() ![]() ![]() The lack of effect modification by demographic and socioeconomic variables suggests that associations do not significantly differ by these metrics. We had our summative OSCE on Monday and our brains were fried from that as well. Only the program's written summative was for a grade. We took it on Tuesday and then had the PAEA one on Thursday. The significant difference in association identified between programs suggests that the predictive ability of the exam is not uniform. Our program wrote their own version of a summative which is also 5 hours long. CONCLUSIONS: The composite score had the largest magnitudes of association with PANCE scores and odds of LPP. Effect modification was not observed by any investigated variable. Hierarchical regression models and ROC curves identified significant variability in associations among programs. The composite score also strongly predicted decrements in odds of LPP (odds ratio: 0.46 95% CI: 0.38-0.55). ![]() RESULTS: Adjusted HRMs across 5 programs (n = 1014) found the composite score to have the strongest association, with a 10-percentile-point increase associated with a 22-point (95% confidence interval : 19-26) increase in PANCE score. The PACKRAT scores were standardized for each year to the national mean and SD. ![]() Models were adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values for various PACKRAT metrics/cut points. Likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate differences in associations between programs and effect modification by demographic and socioeconomic variables. METHODS: Linear and logistic hierarchical regression models (HRMs) were used to evaluate associations between PACKRAT metrics and (1) continuous PANCE scores and (2) odds of low PANCE performance (LPP), respectively. It is unknown, however, whether these associations (1) vary across programs (2) differ by PACKRAT metrics (first-year, second-year, and composite score ) or (3) are modified by demographic or socioeconomic variables. PURPOSE: The Physician Assistant Clinical Knowledge Rating and Assessment Tool (PACKRAT®) is a known predictor of performance on the Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam (PANCE). ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Her clients included many artists and poets, among them Reinhard Priessnitz, a poet and theorist who would give the name Paßstücke (Adaptives) to West’s most iconic series of sculptures. The family lived in a public housing complex, out of which Emilie ran a private dental practice. Born to a well-to-do Viennese Jewish family, she espoused communist ideals and the artist’s father, Ferdinand Zokan, a Serbian coal merchant. The works in the exhibition, which date from the 1950s through the 1990s, emphasize such common themes as social and political power the evolving acceptance of cultural differences the inevitability of mortality and the glamour and despair of celebrity.A retrospective of Austrian artist Franz West at the Centre Pompidou in Paris begins where most biographical tales perhaps should – with his mother, Emilie West. ![]() The 1960s marked artistic turning points for both artists as they moved away increasingly from strictly commercial work towards their mature independent styles. Avedon’s distinctive gelatin-silver prints and Warhol’s boldly colored silkscreens variously depict many of the same recognizable faces, including Marella Agnelli, Bianca Jagger, Jacqueline Kennedy, Marilyn Monroe, and Rudolf Nureyev.īoth Avedon and Warhol originated from modest beginnings and had tremendous commercial success working for major magazines in New York, beginning in the 1940s. ![]() Portraiture was a shared focus of both artists, and they made use of repetition and serialization: Avedon through the reproducible medium of photography, and in his group photographs, for which he meticulously positioned, collaged, and reordered images Warhol in his method of stacked screenprinting, which enabled the consistent reproduction of an image. Their most memorable images, produced in response to changing cultural mores, are icons of the twentieth century. Both artists rose to prominence in postwar America with parallel artistic output that occasionally overlapped. Gagosian London is pleased to present the first major exhibition to pair works by Richard Avedon and Andy Warhol. They always say that time changes things, but you actually have to change them yourself. My camera and I, together we have the power to confer or to take away. Opening reception: Tuesday, February 9, 6–8pm I don’t say ‘today I’m going to do this bit or that bit’, but I go from one decision to the next, to the next, and I try to find out ‘what if I did this here, and what if I did that differently there’.Ĭontinue reading… prototypes of imagination Katharina Grosse Gagosian Gagosian London Gagosian Britannia Street Britannia Street London Purple Diary Jethro Turner art contemporary art exhibition Gagosian Gallery Larry Gagosian paint painter painting purple ART JETHRO TURNER - So you switch a lot between works? The other one is a little drive away and is an old gunpowder factory where I painted the big cloth and some other works around it. One is really well lit via skylights and is in the city. KATHARINA GROSSE - I painted all the works in the studio in Berlin. JETHRO TURNER - Did you paint the works in Berlin? I thought that was going to be the hinge around which the other two galleries pivot, in a sense. One work that kind of has an impact on the architectural space. I wanted to show the canvases I’ve been painting over the past six or seven months and also have one very large painting that has a relationship with the space. I think it’s a beautifully lit gallery and I had done this site specific work for the South London Gallery last November, so I knew I was going to do something very different here. KATHARINA GROSSE - I wanted to make amazing use of the daylight. What did you intend to do here when you knew you had this space to work with? JETHRO TURNER - You work a lot outside as well as inside gallery spaces. ![]() ![]() The sulfur content of this diesel fuel additive does not exceed 15 ppm EDT contains an exclusive polar lubricity additive to prevent wear without altering fuel viscosity.ĮDT is extremely effective in middle distillate fuels to improve combustion and ignition efficiency, enhance fuel economy and maintain fuel in a clean, stabilized condition. ![]() Operation of diesel engines is noticeably improved when corrosion and growth of bacteria are prevented. Condensed water in fuels is a major cause of rust, icing in cold weather and the growth of microorganisms in warm weather. An important component of EDT is a special demulsifier which disperses condensed moisture. Corrosion is prevented by an inhibitor which produces a protective non-deposit-forming film on metal surfaces in the fuel system and which neutralizes corrosive acids formed during combustion. In addition, EDT prevents gum and sludge formation. EDT provides significantly increased ignition efficiency with all diesel fuels. Every diesel engine would benefit from EDT! The cetane improver in EDT consists of special nitrates which are pro-oxidants and which speed up the oxidative process of fuels during combustion, giving more power and improved mileage. The stability of fuels will be greatly increased and diesel engines will be kept in a much cleaner, more maintenance-free condition.įuel treated with EDT is a "PREMIUM" diesel fuel. This concentrated cetane improver tremendously upgrades power and performance in all diesel equipment, increasing fuel and maintenance economy. One treatment of EDT with each fill up will keep your diesel powering down the road. This diesel fuel additive complies with the federal low sulfur content requirements for use in diesel motor vehicles and non-road engines. bottle treats 200 gallons of diesel fuel.ĮDT is recommended for ALL DIESEL ENGINES because it is completely ashless and has no adverse effects on engine components. bottle treats 400 gallons of diesel fuel. Gain power, fuel economy, and clean your injectors by simply pouring in an ounce of EDT with every fill up! Controlling the pressure build-up allows more complete burning of the refractive molecules in the fuel, which steal power and produce deposits and wear. ![]() When ignition improves, emissions are reduced, and noise levels are lowered. Power and fuel economy are increased as fuel burns more evenly and cleanly. The reason for better performance with EDT+ is that cetane improvement in the fuel gives a smoother, less erratic pressure buildup in the combustion chamber during the ignition delay period which occurs between injection and ignition.Ĭontrolling this pressure buildup with EDT+ eliminates potential damage to piston rings and rod bearings ![]() EDT+ contains an exclusive polar lubricity additive to prevent wear without altering fuel viscosity.ĮDT+ is extremely effective in middle distillate fuels to improve combustion and ignition efficiency, enhance fuel economy and maintain fuel in a clean, stabilized condition. An important component of EDT+ is a special demulsifier which disperses condensed moisture. In addition, EDT+ prevents gum and sludge formation. EDT+ provides significantly increased ignition efficiency with all diesel fuels. The cetane improver in EDT+ consists of special nitrates which are pro-oxidants, and which speed up the oxidative process of fuels during combustion, giving more power and improved mileage. Fuel treated with EDT+ Winter Defense becomes a “PREMIUM” diesel fuel. ![]() ![]() ![]() Then some of her so-called “friends” ask her to help them get rid of their husbands too. Yet the community she lives in, thinks Geeta murdered him. It’s about a young Indian woman, Geeta, as she tries her best to make a living after her husband leaves her. I don’t quite know how to write a blurb about this book. You’ll learn lots of Oz and Baum history, and you’ll surely be rooting for Maud as she does her best to steer the director to stay true to the book. It’s based on the story of 77-year old Maud Gage Baum (her husband Frank Baum wrote The Wizard of Oz) as she tries to advise the MGM folk as they are filming the 1938 movie with Judy Garland. My friend Dianne recommended this book to me, and it was so special. It’s a very, very long book, but worth reading.įinding Dorothy, by Elizabeth Letts. There’s also a medical mystery involved too, which was very interesting. Verghese sort of writes like Ken Follett, or Michener, in that he delves into the intricacies of family relationships. The book takes place in a little known area of southern India, and chronicles a variety of people over a few generations, who inhabit the place. Did you read Cutting for Stone, years ago, by this author? Such a good book, so I knew I’d enjoy this one, and oh, did I!. ![]() The Covenant of Water, by Abraham Verghese. ![]() I’m way behind in my book updates here, so forgive the lapse. ![]() They both lead very busy lives, so we’ll see. Now in 2023, I’m still doing 99% of the blogging and holding out hope that these two lovely and excellent cooks will participate. I started the blog in 2007, as a way to share recipes with my family. Daughter Sara on the right, and daughter-in-law Karen on the left. She was a member of the James Beard Foundation Hall of Fame, has been named to Cook's Magazine's Who's Who in Cooking, and was one of the first people inducted into the Chocolatier Hall of Fame.Here are the tastingspoons players. "the Queen of Desserts," was the author of nine classic dessert cookbooks, including the New York Times best-seller and James Beard Award-winning Maida Heatter's Book of Great Desserts. Filled with classic sugar cookies, tart lemon bars, cookie kisses, and chocolate and peanut butter ripples, this is the only cookie book you will ever need. Now, Cookies Are Magic collects nearly 100 of Maida's very best recipes from her "legendary" ( New York Times ) 50-year career-her crispiest, crunchiest, and most ooey-gooey cookies, bars, and more.ĭeveloped for foolproof baking by anyone, each recipe is written with Maida's warm but no-nonsense instructions and carries her guarantee that it will work perfectly every time. Maida knew that cookies are the key to happiness, and she always kept them nearby: a fudgy, minty Palm Beach Brownie in her purse, neatly wrapped in cellophane, a batch of Absolutely-the-Positively-Best Chocolate Chip Cookies in the freezer, or a box of delicate brandy snaps ready for an elegant gift. Her recipes, each a modern classic, have inspired extraordinary bakers such as Dorie Greenspan, Christina Tosi, and Smitten Kitchen's Deb Perelman, whose foreword introduces the joy of Maida's cookies to a new generation. Maida Heatter is one of the most trusted and beloved cookbook authors of all time. Whether you are a chocolate chip or an old-fashioned gingersnap, this is the only cookie book you'll ever need - from one of the best bakers of all time. This book has a lovely variety of cookie recipes and the directions are simple and friendly. Many of the recipes I used to develop my baking skills when I was a kid were actually Maida Heatter's recipes, so you can add this book to your collection with the confidence of knowing that her recipes work well and are reliable. In fact, it was all the better because it just meant I could make more cookies. It didn't matter to me that my father and brother (and his friends) appeared out of nowhere to gobble up all my good work. Christmas morning was great and all, but carefully selecting recipes and pulling double-batches of warm and sugary goodness out of the oven was my idea of of a maker's paradise. Growing up, one of my favorite weekends of the year was the weekend before Christmas when my mother allowed me to spend two whole days (and sometimes a few school nights) making Christmas cookies for the family celebrations to come. Happiness IS baking cookies! Cookies ARE love. ![]() ![]() ![]() This time period includes the transit time for us to receive your return from the shipper (5 to 10 business days), the time it takes us to process your return once we receive it (3 to 5 business days), and the time it takes your bank to process our refund request (5 to 10 business days). You should expect to receive your refund within four weeks of giving your package to the return shipper, however, in many cases you will receive a refund more quickly. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.). ![]() You may return most new, unopened items within 30 days of delivery for a full refund. Speak with an Optimedia Labs expert to determine which printer will best suit your needs. If you are unsure whether or not this product is right for you, Optimedia Labs specializes in on-demand label printing and can offer assistance. The sleek, compact and contemporary Seiko Smart Label Printer 650 weighs approximately one pound, so it can fit in virtually any space. In addition to the easily accessible software program, the printer comes with several extras. The application is easy to set up and use, and it can be accessed through Microsoft Word, Excel, Access and Outlook. The enhanced smart label software provided with the printer makes designing, formatting and printing labels straightforward and fun. With the 300 DPI resolution and nearly four inches per second of printing speed, this machine generates top-quality specialty labels that rival professionally designed products. The redesigned Seiko printer has been enhanced to deliver even more impressive results. The Seiko SLP 650 uses direct thermal printing technologies, which means inks, toners and ribbons are not required. The printer software even provides tools for designing customized labels. Switching labels and designing high volumes of stickers will no longer be a vexing task with this machine. Because the label paper is self-contained, it won’t wrap around itself regardless of the size. The device is easy to load, and the guide provides accurate lineups with every use. This Seiko Smart Label Printer (SLP) delivers quick, reliable and flawless printing. It’s easy to swap label rolls and print different types of labels as well. The SLP 650 is capable of printing a single sticker or numerous labels at once. Users can create address labels, name badges, file folder labels, appointment labels, receipts, security labels and more. The device generates sharp, well-defined and professional labels in a matter of seconds. With its user-friendly features, printing labels on the SLP 650 couldn’t be easier.Ī variety of labels can be used with this printer for creating countless label designs. This thermal printing device easily connects through a USB port to a variety of computer operating systems, including Mac OS, Windows or Linux. Time, after time, after time.The Seiko Smart Label Printer 650 has the qualities fans of the brand appreciate, but it has been enhanced with even more superior printing capabilities. Smart Label Printers give you fast, straightforward and predictable label printing. With ultra-reliable Seiko Instruments direct thermal printing technology, there is no need for ink, toner or ribbons. For fast, personalized name tags labels, Smart Label Printer software imports images captured directly from your computer's camera. Use your own images by importing from existing desktop files, or use copy and paste to import images from your computer's clipboard. Specify where to place text, graphics, or bar codes. Smart Label Printer software gives you the tools to create great looking labels. Need to design your own labels? No problem. Need different types of labels? Print, swap, and print again. ![]() Quickly generate clear, professional address labels, file folder labels, name tags, shipping labels, multipurpose labels, and more. Enhanced new Smart Label Software, supporting Microsoft Excel, Outlook, Access, and Word, makes it even easier to create, format, print, and save all the labels you need. Simply drop in a new roll and you are ready. Loading a new roll and changing labels could not be easier. The SLP 650 packs all the benefits of the newly redesigned SLP 600 series, adding 300 DPI resolution and close to 4 inches per second printing performance, to flawlessly handle your specialty label printing requirements.Ĭonnect via USB to your PC or Mac, running Windows, Mac OS, or Linux. Seiko Instruments Smart Label Printers are the faster, easier, more affordable way to get you organized. ![]() ![]() ![]() I think we are all continuing to learn as we go, and the adage “everything matters” has proven itself correct once again. With my system, the choice of SSD and choice of server software have both made sonic differences. Should that become available to us as part of an Antipodes update, it will be interesting to hear whether v2.1 offers sonic advantage.īottom line is this. I do note that MinimServer has an updated v2.1 that is not yet available as part of Antipodes’ software suite. And perhaps I will be able to figure out if there are settings as-yet-undiscovered that I will be able to use to remedy the functionality shortcomings. However, I am willing to trade these functionality issues for better sonics offered by Squeeze. This is particularly noticeable with vocals.Ĭompared to GUI functionality of MinimServer, I have found Squeeze to be quirky with its display of album art at low resolution, and I can’t get it to interface with the search function on my Linn app. In my particular system, I would describe the Squeeze sound as more sophisticated, more analogue-like with an overall better balanced dynamic range, and a soundstage that has more depth to “hear into the sound”. My K40 sonic experience got even better when I moved from MinimServer to Squeeze server. There is definite synergy between the two. I have found that one cannot discuss SSD without also taking into consideration server software. My comments are posted in the “SSD recommendation for new K models” topic. It was a definite sonic change for the better. Thanks for the help! I'll stay around on this forum, there's a lot of interesting reading to do.It has been a couple of months since I began using the SATA SSD PM893 in my server-only K40. In the meantime, I use the "Exclude codec setting" option with ALAC in piCorePlayer, which asks LMS to transcode the files to FLAC on the fly. Converting ALAC to FLAC is an acceptable (but time consuming) solution, since I don't need to play music in iTunes anymore. Now, the only major problem I'm facing seems to be the one with ALAC files described here. Also, LMS with its Tidal integration reminds me of my days with Roon. I'm still under the impression that having two servers is just duplicating the job, but the Aries can't access LMS (I tried activating UPnP in LMS to access on the Aries, without success). I need MinimServer to feed the AURALiC Aries : I find MinimServer faster to browse and update on Lightning DS than using AURALiC's Lightning Server. Maybe it doesn't change a thing, but I prefer when the servers have a direct (not network) access to the files. Raspberry Pi #2 (with DigiOne hat) has piCorePlayer only running Squeezelite. Raspberry Pi #1 has MinimServer and LMS serving the same files from an attached USB drive. The only way to fix it is if MinimServer has an alternate way to present these groups. The USB input is mainly for USB thumb and other portable hard drives and. BubbleUPnP displays the group as MinimServer sends them: as album folders. I also have an AURALiC Aries, streaming from the same MinimServer and this streamer sees the album arts all the time. The recommended arrangement for folders is alphabetical by artist folder. The album art is really there, both embedded in the file and within a folder.jpg file (I tried with FLAC files that plays directly, so we can't blame the transcoding). While I can live with the transcoding, my main problem is that for the files coming from the MinimServer, LMS doesn't see any album art. Is there a way to play them directly without transcoding on the server side?Ģ. I found a workaround by using MinimStreamer with the rule alac:wav. Most of my library is in ALAC (for those glorious iTunes days), and although LMS is able to play ALAC files on a USB drive (by transcoding them or not, depending if you have FFmpeg installed), it doesn't seem to be able to play the same ALAC files when they are shared by the MinimServer. ![]() I encountered some problems when I tried to access my MinimServer library.ġ. It works great, both with Spotify, Tidal and USB storage. With that said, the album art files show up in the individual album files in. I spent a big part of my saturday trying to solve this problem : I installed piCorePlayer with LMS on a Raspberry Pi with a DigiOne hat. If Im wrong about this someone please say so. ![]() ![]() ![]() The normal value of the ECT sensor voltage is 2V at cold engine and 0.5V at warm engine. Common problem is that the output resistance (and voltage) changes incorrectly beyond its normal range.During engine warming the voltage should decrease in accordance with the values given in Table-1. Start the engine and warm it to the operating temperature.You will need a thermometer for the purpose. Check whether the ECT voltage signal corresponds to the temperature.The relationship between the voltage and the temperature is shown in Table-1. Depending on the temperature, voltage readings should be in the range of 2V to 3V.Connect the positive wire of the voltmeter is to the ECT signal terminal.Determine which are the signal and the ground terminals.Connect the negative wire of the voltmeter to the chassis ground.Open the protective rubber cap on the connector of the cooling system temperature sensor.Sensor with negative temperature coefficient. Procedure for verification the functionality of the ECT sensor Here the voltage and the resistance are increasing with the raise of the temperature. Used in some older systems, such as Renix. ![]() With positive temperature coefficient.Their resistance decreases with the increase of the temperature. These are the most popular sensors used in cars. With negative temperature coefficient.Thereby, a coolant temperature dependent variable voltage signal is send to the onboard computer. At 90 ✬ its resistance is in the range of 200Ω to 300Ω. ECT gradually heats and its resistance reduces proportionately. After the engine start, coolant temperature begins to rise. In cold engine and an ambient temperature of 20 ✬ the sensor resistance is between 2000Ω and 3000Ω. In order to convert the ECT resistance variation to voltage variation, which is further processed by the ECU, the ECT sensor is connected in a circuit typically supplied with a reference voltage of +5V. The onboard computer uses the signal of ECT as the main correction factor when calculating the ignition advance and the injection duration. It is a two-wire thermistor immersed in coolant and measures its temperature. The engine coolant temperature sensor is temperature-variable resistor, which usually has a negative temperature coefficient. ![]() |
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